Kongsberg Vapenfabrikk Kammerlader M1865-1869 Lund Cavalry Carbine Complete Specs and Full Gun Specifications

In 1867, the Norwegian Army and the Royal Norwegian Navy decided to convert the paper-cartridge breech loading black powder Kammerlader M1865 rifle in 4 linjer caliber (or .46") into a 12.17 x 44mm rimfire carbine. That modification was done in 1869 by Rustmester Lunds. Almost all Kammerlader M1865 rifles were converted and approximately 20% of the carbines were equipped with a sniper sight with slide out to 800 feet. The Kammerlader means "chamber loader" - a rifle that was loaded not from the muzzle but through the chamber with paper-catridges. That was a very advanced system in the era of muzzle loading black powder guns. The Kammerladers were easier and quicker to load so they were very fast, powerful and deadly rifles.